Swift cannot import libstdc++-13 chrono header in C++23 mode

[ADKaster]

Description

Importing STL headers from gcc (Ubuntu 13.2.0-23ubuntu4) 13.2.0 as shipped by Ubuntu 24.04 fails to compile due to errors compiling libstdc++ with -std=c++23

This seems to only happen when doing an emit-cxx-headers call from the frontend, and not during emit-executable?

Reproduction

The same test case files as #75593, just using ubuntu 24.04,

And a tweak to include <chrono>

I've created a project here that can reproduce the issue ADKaster/swift-shlib-cxx-exe with

cmake -B build -GNinja && cmake --build build

The necessary change to reproduce this issue, rather than 75593, is to add an include to Color.h

Color.h

#pragma once

// ADD chrono
#include <chrono>

#include <stdint.h>

class Color
{
public:
    Color() = default;
    explicit Color(uint32_t rep) : m_rep(rep) { }

    static bool fromString(Color&, char const*);

private: 
    uint32_t m_rep { 0 };
};

A minimized frontend command is like so:
swiftc -frontend -typecheck -Ishlib shlib/Color.swift -Xcc -std=c++23 -module-name ShlibSwift -cxx-interoperability-mode=default -emit-clang-header-path Color-Swift.h

<unknown>:0: note: in defaulted move constructor for 'std::chrono::time_zone' first required here
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../../include/c++/13/bits/unique_ptr.h:97:16: error: invalid application of 'sizeof' to an incomplete type 'std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl'
 95 | 	static_assert(!is_void<_Tp>::value,
 96 | 		      "can't delete pointer to incomplete type");
 97 | 	static_assert(sizeof(_Tp)>0,
    |                `- error: invalid application of 'sizeof' to an incomplete type 'std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl'
 98 | 		      "can't delete pointer to incomplete type");
 99 | 	delete __ptr;
    :
402 | 	auto& __ptr = _M_t._M_ptr();
403 | 	if (__ptr != nullptr)
404 | 	  get_deleter()(std::move(__ptr));
    |    `- note: in instantiation of member function 'std::default_delete<std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl>::operator()' requested here
405 | 	__ptr = pointer();
406 |       }

/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../../include/c++/13/chrono:2639:7: note: in instantiation of member function 'std::unique_ptr<std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl>::~unique_ptr' requested here
2637 |     {
2638 |     public:
2639 |       time_zone(time_zone&&) = default;
    |       `- note: in instantiation of member function 'std::unique_ptr<std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl>::~unique_ptr' requested here
2640 |       time_zone& operator=(time_zone&&) = default;
2641 | 
    :
2710 |       friend class tzdb_list;
2711 | 
2712 |       struct _Impl;
    |              `- note: forward declaration of 'std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl'
2713 | 
2714 |       explicit time_zone(unique_ptr<_Impl> __p);

Expected behavior

A compiling example with -std=c++23, as it works with std=c++20 and below.

Environment

Swift version 6.1-dev (LLVM 89ccf4b8a46135a, Swift 6a5ae8d)
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

Additional information

error output from cmake build with chrono added

[1/5] Generating '/home/andrew/ladybird-org/testing/swift-tests/swift-shlib-cxx-exe/build/shlib/include/shlib-Swift.h'
FAILED: shlib/include/shlib-Swift.h /home/andrew/ladybird-org/testing/swift-tests/swift-shlib-cxx-exe/build/shlib/include/shlib-Swift.h 
cd /home/andrew/ladybird-org/testing/swift-tests/swift-shlib-cxx-exe/shlib && /home/andrew/.local/bin/swiftc -frontend -typecheck -I/home/andrew/ladybird-org/testing/swift-tests/swift-shlib-cxx-exe/shlib Color.swift -Xcc -std=c++23 -module-name SwiftShlib -cxx-interoperability-mode=default -emit-clang-header-path /home/andrew/ladybird-org/testing/swift-tests/swift-shlib-cxx-exe/build/shlib/include/shlib-Swift.h
<unknown>:0: note: in defaulted move constructor for 'std::chrono::time_zone' first required here
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../../include/c++/13/bits/unique_ptr.h:97:16: error: invalid application of 'sizeof' to an incomplete type 'std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl'
  95 | 	static_assert(!is_void<_Tp>::value,
  96 | 		      "can't delete pointer to incomplete type");
  97 | 	static_assert(sizeof(_Tp)>0,
     |                `- error: invalid application of 'sizeof' to an incomplete type 'std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl'
  98 | 		      "can't delete pointer to incomplete type");
  99 | 	delete __ptr;
     :
 402 | 	auto& __ptr = _M_t._M_ptr();
 403 | 	if (__ptr != nullptr)
 404 | 	  get_deleter()(std::move(__ptr));
     |    `- note: in instantiation of member function 'std::default_delete<std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl>::operator()' requested here
 405 | 	__ptr = pointer();
 406 |       }

/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../../include/c++/13/chrono:2639:7: note: in instantiation of member function 'std::unique_ptr<std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl>::~unique_ptr' requested here
2637 |     {
2638 |     public:
2639 |       time_zone(time_zone&&) = default;
     |       `- note: in instantiation of member function 'std::unique_ptr<std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl>::~unique_ptr' requested here
2640 |       time_zone& operator=(time_zone&&) = default;
2641 | 
     :
2710 |       friend class tzdb_list;
2711 | 
2712 |       struct _Impl;
     |              `- note: forward declaration of 'std::chrono::time_zone::_Impl'
2713 | 
2714 |       explicit time_zone(unique_ptr<_Impl> __p);
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.